Social rights of trade unions of Yiwu mode

Since reform and opening up a market economy surging tide in Yiwu, the surging, thus, Yiwu's economic and social relations become complicated --- diversified ownership, management form of diversification, the clarity of property rights, differences in the distribution of benefits and the autonomy of corporate behavior, labor relations and the lease of the market ... ...

     Yiwu has become a national and even the world's largest small commodity distributing center, has become an international business city, has become a vibrant city of immigrants. Yiwu local household registration population of more than 70 million, but the foreign population of over one million, the existing industrial enterprises in Yiwu 16,000, of which more than 600 above-scale enterprises. The rapid development of industrial and commercial enterprises and the rapid expansion of non-native population, making the city's labor relations become increasingly complex, labor-management conflicts are getting increasingly pronounced.

     From 1997, Yiwu labor dispute cases annually million, showing a high incidence of sexual, diversity and complexity of the characteristics of workers there had been jumping off a building, the boss was killed, migrant workers and other organizations underground gang cases. Faced with complex and changing labor relations, trade union rights for the task falls on the trade union organizations themselves. "Trade union rights, Yiwu model" Yiwu --- the creation of a national union of social rights of the valuable experience.

     The foundation of trade union rights mechanism

     In 1998, Yiwu, thousands of private enterprises, only 34 enterprises to form trade unions.

     At that time the Yiwu Private enterprises in 1998 because of labor conflicts and lead to major criminal homicide and 17 cases, of which there are workers who leapt to kill the wife of the major cases of suicide. Town as an example to the Soviet Union, although there were no major criminal cases, but as many as 120 labor disputes, the more prominent are three major issues: First, employment workers groups, local self-protection forces expansion. Hu Miyake, Jiang house the two villages, field workers reached more than 8,000 local residents, some fellow workers to help in their hometowns to provide "public transport," the name of 10 yuan per person charge protection fees, intimidation of business owners and threats. The second is the frequent movement of workers, collective job is a serious problem, many business owners have lost staff time and the closure of a sense of crisis. Third Private business owners afraid of workers. Business owners product acceptance strict point guard often disrupted by workers or reprisal. At the same time, business owners and workers geographical family management of employment, making the coordination of labor relations equality greatly weakened, both employers and employees are difficult to form their own rights and interests according to law to safeguard the overall strength.

     By the end of 1999, Yiwu City Federation of Trade Unions in the Soviet Union set up a working town, the acceptance of complaints enterprises. Work with the local rural credit cooperatives linkage, for indeed unable to pay the wages of workers of the enterprises, the provision of loans from credit cooperatives in the payment of wages. Yiwu City Federation of Trade Unions, through the formation of village and township joint trade unions, the implementation of two-way rights, the establishment of local government, trade unions, enterprises to participate in the tripartite coordination mechanism, the establishment of emergency response teams to deal with labor disputes, the proper coordination of labor relations. And focus on the establishment of trade unions in enterprises to provide more than 25 enterprises to form trade unions and 25 small factories and family workshops to form trade unions group, trade union group in the village as a unit and then set up a joint trade unions, and the village level under the joint trade unions also level in the town of Trade Unions. Trade unions and the Federation of Trade Unions parallel are Yiwu trade union organizations at the grassroots level.

    Respond to changes in labor relations in the new situation of human rights to achieve social Yiwu four changes

  November 27, 2004, Hu Jintao, general secretary of Yiwu rights of trade union work in the community have made important instructions, the Yiwu City initiative to deal with profound changes in labor relations of the new situation, in perfecting the mechanism and improve the social and human rights to work, so that the work of trade union rights organizations more sound system can become better and richer and more obvious role, and social rights of the realization of the four changes.

     A concern for the rights and interests of the aspirations of workers, trade union rights from economic rights to a wide range of labor rights and interests change. According to foreign builders Yiwu into the local community, local residents enjoy the same rights as the wishes and requirements of even stronger reality, effectively safeguard the economic interests of labor at the same time, actively explore other aspects of trade union rights. In order to promote the building of advanced corporate culture, focusing on building "House of workers" to handle, and strive to meet the needs of workers in the spiritual and cultural needs. Vigorously carry out "corporate办班, teacher assigned, trade unions on the training" activities, and strive to meet the needs of migrant workers technical training needs of business. Actively guide foreign builders in politics, there are currently 12 foreign builders as Yiwu People's Congress. Vigorously building "enterprise unions actively participate in the Occupational Safety and Health," a long-term management mechanism, and safeguard the interests of safety and health of employees, played a "multiple purposes," effect.

     Second, improve the human rights organizations, networks, human rights bodies from single to multi-dimensional three-dimensional changes. 4 years, focus on strengthening Yiwu city, town (street), enterprise (market) 3 rights organizations. At present, the city with more than 50 enterprises specialized in organizing trade unions and human rights organizations have set up 100%. To improve the rights of local networks on the basis of Yiwu City and Sichuan, the province's Kaihua County and other places of trade unions established a regional human rights institutions, the realization of the rights network construction "horizontal cross-regional, vertical to the grassroots level" to ensure that the "one to the demands of linkage between the two places, two-way rights. "

     Third, adhere to the "gateway" forward, after the rights to engage in changes to the prior rights. Just begun to explore the trade union rights of the road to the community, the focus on violations of trade union rights and interests of the legitimate rights and interests after maintenance. Now, even more emphasis on adopting effective measures to prevent the violation of their legitimate rights and interests of the incident, after the initial realization of rights to engage in changes to the prior rights. The first is to vigorously promote the collective contract system, with the system of protection of labor rights and interests of workers, the signing of collective contracts at present rate of 91 percent, more than 4 years ago 19 percent. Second, we must conscientiously implement the labor contract law, trade unions and enterprises signed labor contracts rate of 96 percent, more than 4 years ago 11 percent. Third, in the above-scale enterprises have established oversight committee of labor law and avoid violations of workers rights and interests of the incident. 4 years, Yiwu City, the incidence of labor disputes each year showed a downward trend.

     Fourth, improve the social and human rights mechanisms, from the internal integration to external changes in the joint. Trade unions and public security, court, judicial, labor, health, safety supervision and other departments on matters relating to workers rights and interests of joint documents, has formed a joint human rights system, a "leadership of party committees, government support, operation of trade unions, the parties with the" society of human rights mechanisms basically established to achieve integration from internal to external changes in the joint. This year, Yiwu City Federation of Trade Unions jointly developed with the relevant government departments of "corporate social responsibility Yiwu standards" for enterprise employees to improve production and living conditions put forward specific demands. At the same time, established by more than 100 people comprising a team of human rights information from the 67-member volunteer team of legal rights, the rights information for help platform, the implementation of wage claims of trade unions such as the transfer, so that rights to receive information more quickly coverage broader and more timely feedback to resolve the more effective.

     4 years, 32 countries, trade union counterparts to visit Yiwu, a deeper understanding of their situation generally agreed that socialism with Chinese characteristics, the trade union rights than the Western countries are more advantages of trade union rights.